?? ????? (cs)
???? ?????? (cs) ?? ?????? ????, ???? ?????????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???. ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ???, ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????.
??????:
?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? elastomeric ???? ????? ??????. ??????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ???, ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????. ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??????, ?? ???? ?cs ??? ????, ?? ?? ?cs ??? ????, ????? ???? ????.
????? ?? ?????:
??????? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? 100% ????? ??????, ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? 100% ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????.
?? ?????? (astm d395) ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? a ?-b.
???? ????? a:
?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? 1.8kn ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????.
???? ????? ? ':
????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? 25% ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????.
????: a ?-b ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? 30 ????.
?????? ??-???? ??-???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?-d1414 b.
????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????.
???? ???? a:
ca, ???? ?????? a, ????? ?? ??? ca = [(to - ti) / to] * 100 ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????, ?-ti ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????.
???? ????? ?:
cb, ?? ?????? b, ????? ?? ??? cb = [(to - ti)/(?-tn)] * 100 ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ti ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????, ?-tn ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????.
?????:
????? ????? = (t0 - ti) = 0.25 ? "?-0.177 ?" ? = 0.073 ? "? (????? 29%)
????? ????? = (t0 - tn) = 0.221 ?" ?-0.177 ? "? = 0.044 ?" ?
cb = {(0.25 - 0.221)/(0.25 - 0.177)}/100 = 39.72%